The Anatomy of a Phishing Attack and How to Protect Your Company

Phishing is one of the most common cyberattacks, typically used to steal sensitive information like login credentials, credit card details, or to spread malware. A phishing attack typically involves deception via email, social media, or malicious websites, where an attacker tricks the victim into believing the message is from a trusted source.

Here’s a breakdown of how phishing attacks work and steps to protect your company:

Anatomy of a Phishing Attack

1. Baiting the Victim:

The attacker sends a seemingly legitimate email, message, or link that looks like it’s from a trusted entity, such as a bank, a service provider, or even a colleague. This message may use urgency to push the victim into taking quick action, like claiming that their account has been compromised or that a payment is overdue.

2. Creating a Sense of Urgency:

To lower the victim’s defenses, the message usually creates panic or urgency. For example, an email might claim that there’s a problem with the user’s account and that immediate action is needed to avoid being locked out.

3. Enticing the Victim to Click:

The attacker includes a malicious link or an attachment. When clicked or opened, it either leads to a fake login page (to steal credentials) or delivers malware that infects the system. Fake websites often look nearly identical to real ones, making it difficult to spot the fraud.

4. Exploiting Information:

Once the victim inputs sensitive information (like usernames, passwords, or payment details) or downloads malware, the attacker uses this information for financial gain, access to systems, or further attacks.

Common Types of Phishing Attacks

• Email Phishing: The most widespread form, where fraudulent emails mimic legitimate organizations.

• Spear Phishing: Targeted phishing, often aimed at specific individuals or departments within a company.

• Whaling: A form of phishing aimed at senior executives or high-level employees.